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Shaolin
The Shaolin temple (Chinese: 少林寺; Hanyu Pinyin: Shàolínsì; literally “Young Forest Temple”) is a Chinese Buddhist monastery famed for its long association with Chán (Japanese: Zen) Buddhism and martial arts, and is perhaps the Buddhist monastery best known in the West.
According to the Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks (645) by Daoxuan, the original Shaolin monastery was built on the north side of the Shaoshi peak of Mount Song, one of the Sacred Mountains of China, by Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty for the monk Batuo, who for thirty years preached Nikaya Buddhism in China.Yang Xuanzhi, in the Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang (547), and Li Xian, in the Ming Yitongzhi (明一統志; 1461), concur with Daxuan’s location and attribution.The Jiaqing Chongxiu Yitongzhi (嘉慶重修一統志; 1843) specifies that this monastery, located in the province of Henan, was built in the 20th year of the Tàihé (太和) era of the Northern Wei Dynasty (i.e.
497 AD).The monastery has since been destroyed and rebuilt several times, remaining one of Chin